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Fu Yanqing
Fu Yanqing (符彥卿) (898〔''History of Song'', vol. 251.〕-July 31, 975〔''Xu Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 8.〕〔(Academia Sinica Chinese-Western Calendar Converter ).〕), né Li Yanqing (李彥卿), courtesy name Guanhou (冠侯), formally the Prince of Wei (魏王), nicknamed Fu Disi (符第四, "the fourth Fu"), was a general of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period states Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han, and Later Zhou, as well as (briefly) Liao Dynasty and Song Dynasty. He was one of the most celebrated generals of the period, and he was also the father of three daughters who received empress titles — two as successive empresses of the Later Zhou emperor Guo Rong (Empress Fu the Elder and Empress Fu the Younger), and one (posthumously) as a wife of Zhao Guangyi, who would become the second emperor of Song.
== Background ==
Li Yanqing was born in 898, near the end of Tang Dynasty, during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong of Tang.〔 His father, then known as Li Cunshen but who was born with the name of Fu Cun, was an adoptive son of and general under the major late-Tang warlord Li Keyong the Prince of Jin.〔''History of the Five Dynasties'', vol. 56.〕 Li Yanqing was said to be the fourth-born son of Li Cunshen's,〔 but only the identities of two of his older brothers, Li Yanchao (李彥超) and Li Yanrao (李彥饒), were recorded in history; he also had at least two younger brothers, Li Yanneng (李彥能) and Li Yanlin (李彥琳). (All four of his known brothers would eventually serve as generals.)〔
When Li Yanqing was 12 — i.e., in 910 — by which time Tang had fallen and the Jin realm, theoretically still under Tang rule, was actually under the rule of Li Keyong's biological son and successor Li Cunxu — Li Yanqing, who was already capable of riding and archery, entered military service under Li Cunxu, being close enough to Li Cunxu that he was allowed to enter the prince's bedchamber. When he grew older, he became an officer in Li Cunxu's army. Also in his youth, he became a friend of Shi Chonggui, the nephew of Shi Jingtang, the son-in-law of Li Siyuan, also an adoptive son of Li Keyong's.〔 (However, while this was traditionally described as such in official accounts, it should be noted that Shi Chonggui, born in 914, was 16 years younger than Li Yanqing.)〔''History of the Five Dynasties'', vol. 81.〕
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